Which cranial nerve provides sensation to the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

The cranial nerve that provides sensation to the posterior one-third of the tongue is the glossopharyngeal nerve, which is cranial nerve IX. This nerve is responsible for the general sensation and taste from this area. Specifically, it conveys sensory information regarding taste and a variety of stimuli such as temperature and texture, allowing for the perception of different flavors and sensations in that part of the tongue.

In addition to its sensory functions, the glossopharyngeal nerve also plays a significant role in the gag reflex and contributes to the autonomic control of the parotid gland, which facilitates saliva production. Its anatomical distribution and specific sensory fibers clearly delineate its function in the perception of taste and sensation for the posterior part of the tongue, making it distinct from the roles of other cranial nerves.