What is the term used to describe the gait pattern characterized by a progressive increase in speed with shortening of stride in Parkinson's disease?

The term that describes the gait pattern characterized by a progressive increase in speed with shortening of stride in Parkinson's disease is festinating. This phenomenon occurs when a person begins walking at a regular pace but gradually accelerates, often leading to a hurried or rushed appearance while walking. The stride becomes shorter, and the individual may appear to be "running" to keep up with their center of gravity, which can increase the risk of falls.

In Parkinson’s disease, changes in motor control and the underlying neurological conditions contribute to this unique gait pattern. Festination reflects the interplay between a decrease in postural stability and the inability of the patient to appropriately adjust their steps to maintain balance. Recognizing this pattern helps in the understanding and management of Parkinson's disease, as rehabilitation strategies can be designed to address these specific gait characteristics.

The other terms do not encompass the same characteristics. Freezing refers to a sudden stop in movement, often occurring in the middle of walking, whereas shuffling describes a gait where the feet do not fully lift off the ground. Ataxic gait is typically associated with cerebellar dysfunction and is characterized by a lack of coordination and an unsteady, staggering walk, which is distinct from the accelerating nature of festinating gait.