What causes a lateral lean during gait?

A lateral lean during gait is commonly caused by weak hip abductors, particularly the gluteus medius muscle. The role of the hip abductors is essential for stabilizing the pelvis during the stance phase of walking. When these muscles are weak, they cannot properly support the pelvis, leading to a compensatory lateral lean towards the weaker side. This lean helps to maintain balance and center of gravity over the stance limb, as the body seeks to avoid falling toward the unsupported side.

In contrast, strong hip flexors primarily influence the forward movement of the leg during the swing phase of gait but are not directly related to lateral stability or leaning. Impaired vision can affect gait and balance but does not specifically result in a lateral lean as a primary mechanism. Lastly, increased stride length can alter gait mechanics and may lead to different issues, such as overreaching or instability, but it is not a direct cause of lateral leaning.